Electricity terms

I have been going over Chapter eight which is about Electricity which is not only important to everyone but Estheticians too.

active electrode- electrode of an electrotherapy device that is used on the area to be treated.

alternating current- AC; rapid and interrupted current, flowing first in one direction and then in the opposite direction; produced by mechanical means and changes directions 60 times per second.

ampere- A, also known as amp; unit that measures the amount of an electric current.

anaphoresis- process of infusing an alkaline product into the tissues from the negative pole toward the positive pole.

anode- positive electrode; the anode is usually red and is marked with a P or a (+) sign.

blue light- a light-emitting diode for use on clients with acne.

cataphoresis- process of forcing an acidic product into deeper tissues using galvanic current from the positive pole toward the negative pole, tightens and calms the skin.

cathode- negative electrode; the cathode is usually black and is marked with a N or a (-) sign.

chromophore- a color component of the skin found at different depths, such as blood or melanin.

circuit breaker- switch that automatically interrupts or shuts off an electric current at the first indication of overload.

complete electric circuit- The path of electric currents moving from the generating source through conductors and back to the generating source.

conductor- any substance, material, or medium that easily transmits electricity. 

converter- apparatus that changes direct current to alternating current.

deincrustation- process used to soften and emulsify sebum and blackheads in the follicles.

direct current- dc; constant, even-flowing current that travels in one direction only and is produced by chemical means.

electric current- the flow of energy along a conductor/

electricity- the movement of particles around an atom that creates pure energy; form of energy that when in mothion, exhibits magnetic, chemical, or thermal effects; a flow of electrons.

electrode- also known as probe, applicator for directing the electric current from an electrotherapy device to the client's skin.

electromagnetic spectrum- made up of all forms of energy whose spectrum ranges from the longest waves to the shortest.

electrotherapy- The use of electrical devices to treat the skin and for therapeutic benefits.

fuse- a special device that prevents excessive current from passing through a circuit.

galvanic current- a constant and direct current;uses a positive and negative pole to produce he chemical reactions (desincrustation) and ionic reactions (iontophoresis).

green light- A light-emitting diode for use on clients with hyper-pigmentation or for detoxifying the skin.

grounding- The ground connection completes the circuit and carries the current safely away to the ground.

inactive electrode- Opposite pole from the active electrode.

infrared light- Infrared light has longer wavelengths, penetrates more deeply, has less energy, and produces more heat than visible light; makes up 60 percent of natural sunlight.

insulator- Also known as nonconductor; substance that does not easily transmit electricity.

intense pulse light- Light- device that uses multiple colors and wavelengths (broad spectrum) of focused light to treat spider veins, hyperpigmentation, rosacea/redness, wrinkles, enlarged hair follicles/pores, and excessive hair.

invisible light- light at either end of the visible spectrum of light that is invisible to the naked eye.

iontophoresis- Also, known as ionization; process of infusing water-soluble products into the skin with the use of electric current, such as the use of positive and negative poles of a galvanic machine or a micro-current device.

kilowatt- K; 1,000 watts

laser- A medical device that uses electromagnetic radiation for hair removal and skin treatments (light amplification stimulation emission of radiation).

LED- Light-emitting diode; a device used to reduce acne, increase skin circulation, and improve the collagen content in the skin.

light therapy- The application of light rays to the skin for the treatment of acne, wrinkles, capillaries, pigmentation, or hair removal.

micro-current- An extremely low level of electricity that mirrors the body's natural electrical impulses.


milliampere- mA; one-thousandth of an ampere.

modalities- Currents used in electrical facial and scalp treatments.

ohm- O; unit that measures the resistance of an electric current.

photothermolysis- Process by which light from a laser is turned into heat.

plug- Two or three-prong connector at the end of an electrical cord that connects an apparatus to an electrical outlet.

polarity- Negative or positive pole of an electric current.

rectifier- Apparatus that changes alternating current to direct current.

red light- A light-emitting diode for use on clients in the stimulation of circulation and collagen and elastin production.

Tesla high-frequency current- Also known as violet ray; thermal or heat-producing current with a high rate of oscillation or vibration that is commonly used for scalp and facial treatments.

ultra-violet radiation- Invisible rays that have short wavelengths, are the least penetrating rays, produce chemical effects, and kills germs.

visible light- The primary source of light used in facial and scalp treatments.

volt- V; unit that measures the pressure or force that pushes the flow of electrons forward through a conductor.

watt- Abbreviated W; measurement of how much electric energy is being used in one second.

wavelength- Distance between two successive peaks of electromagnetic waves.

white light- Referred to as combination light because of all the visible rays of the spectrum.

yellow light- A light emitting diode which aids in reducing inflammation and swelling.

Good Terms: Pt. 2

I have been reacquainted with Nutrition and it gave me a huge wake-up call. Unfortunately, I did not pass this test but the good news is that I actually passed a whole class dedicated to Food Science and Nutrition at a Four- year university. Receiving a less than desirable grade in  Chapter nine of Milady not dedicated to my career choice is not the end of the world. Also, I turned in my extra-credit before my classmates did which puts me ahead in a way. The Nutrition is not the main focus of Esthetics, although it is important to overall skincare and is something that I can consult about if push comes to shove.


Reunited and it feels so good......


1. Adenosine triphosphate- ATP; the substance that provides energy to cells and converts oxygen to carbon dioxide, a waste product we breathe out.

2. amino acid- Organic acids that form the building blocks of protein.

3. arteriosclerosis- Clogging and hardening of the arteries.

4. B vitamins- These water- soluble vitamins interact with other water-souluble vitamins and act as coenzymes (catalysts) by facilitatitng enzymatic reacctions. B vitamins include niacin, riboflavin, thiamin, pyridoxine, folacin, biotin, cobalamine, and pantothenic acid.

5. calories- A measure of heat units; measures food energy for the body.

6. carbohydrates- Compounds that break down the basic chemical sugars and supply energy for the body.

7. cholesterol- A waxy substance found in your body that is needed to produce hormones, vitamin D, and bile; also important for protecting nerves and for the structure of cells.

8. complementary foods- Combinations of two incomplete foods; complementary proteins eaten together provide all the essential amino acids and make a complete protein.

9. disaccharides- Sugars made up of two simple sugars such as lactose and sucrose.

10. enzymes- Catalysts that break down complex food molecules to utilize extracted energy.

11. fats- Also, known as lipids; macro-nutrients used to produce energy in the body; the materials in the sebaceous glands that lubricate the skin.

12. fortified- A vitamin has been added to a food product.

13. glycosaminoglycans- A water- binding substance between the fibers of the dermis.

14. hypoglycemia- A condition in which blood glucose or blood sugar drops too low; caused by either too much insulin or low food intake.

15. linoleic acid- Omega-6, an essential fatty acid used to make important hormones; also part of the skin's lipid barrier.

16. macronutrients- Nutrients that make up the largest part of the nutrition we take in; the three basic food groups; protein, carbohydrates, and fats.

17. micronutrients- Vitamins and substances that have no calories of nutritional value, yet are essential for body functions.

18. minerals- Inorganic materials required for many reactions of the cells and body.

19. monosaccharides- Carbohydrates made up of one basic sugar unit.

20. mucopolysaccharides- Carbohydrate- lipid complexes that are also good water-binders.

21. nonessential amino acids- Amino acids that can be synthesized by the body and do not have to be obtained from the diet.

22. Omega- 3 fatty acids- Alpha-linoleic acid; a type of "good" polyunsaturated fat that may decrease cardiovascular diseases. It is also an anti-inflammatory and beneficial for skin.

23. osteoporosis- A thinning of bones, leaving them fragile and prone to fractures; caused by the reabsorption of calcium into the blood.

24. polysaccharides- Carbohydrates that contain three or more simple carbohydrate molecules.

25. proteins- Chains of amino acid molecules used in all cell functions and body growth.

26. retinoic acid- Also known as Retin- A; vitamin A derivative that has demonstrated an ability to alter collagen synthesis and is used to treat acne and visible signs of aging; side effects are irritation, photo-sensitivity, skin dryness, redness, and peeling.

27. tretinoin- Transretinoic acid, a derivative of Vitamin A used for collagen synthesis, hyperpigmentation and for acne.

28. vitamin A- Also known as retinol; an antioxidant that aids in the functioning and repair of skin cells.

29. vitamin C- Also known as ascorbic acid; needed for proper repair of the skin and tissues, promotes the production of collagen in the skin's dermal tissues; aids in and promotes the skin's healing process.

30. vitamin D- Fat- soluble vitamin sometimes called the sunshine vitamin because the skin synthesizes vitamin D from cholesterol when exposed to sunlight. Essential for growth and development.

31. vitamin E- Also known as tocopherol; primarily an antioxidant; helps protect the skin from the harmful effects of the sun rays.

32. vitamin K- Vitamin responsible for the synthesis of factors necessary for blood coagulation.

My Love Affair

This is just the beginning of my new journey with my career I am allowing you to join with me. I want to share with you what I am learning and if you have any Questions? than the link will lead you to get in contact with me.

Currently, I am all rapped up with Milady Esthetics Fundamentals Eleventh edition and Part Two: General Sciences is going to have our relationship on a bumpy ride.